Project 9: Royal London

Plan

1. Introduction
2. Places in London connected with the Crown.
3. The Royal Family and and its role in the country.
4. King Henry VIII. The most important things that he did for the country.
5. Queen Elizabeth I. The most important things that she did for the country.
6. Queen Victoria. The most important things that she did for the country.
7. Queen Elizabeth II. The most important facts of her life.  (SB p.108)

ПРИМЕРНЫЙ ТЕКСТ:

     I'd like to tell you about Royal London: places connected with the crown and British kings and queens.

     Many places in London are closely connected with the Crown. There are royal palaces, royal parks, roads and streets where beautiful ceremonies are held. The most important building is Buckingham Palace, which is the official residence of Queen Elizabeth II . 

     All together there are ten royal parks in and around London which are owned by the Crown. Hyde Park, for example, used to be a hunting forest. Regent`s Park is now the home of London Zoo, and an open-air theatre. 

     Though nowadays the Queen reigns but does not rule, the Royal Family plays a very important role in the country. They travel about the country, visit schools and hospitals and meet diferent people. In the history of Britain there were certain Kings and Queens whose names are specially remembered.

     King Henry VII  is well-known in the whole world. He had six wives. Under him Britain became independent of the Roman Catholic Church, it got richer and more powerful.

     Henry's daughter, Elizabeth I, is also important. During her reign England became very important in European politics, the Spanish Armada was defeated, and the country became very powerful.

     Queen Victoria I is another strong queen. Victoria married a German, Prince Albert, but he died at the age of forty two. That was a great tragedy for Queen Victoria. She left London and never lived in the city where she had been so happy with her husband and nine children. Places that are connected with Queen Victoria are Victoria Station, Royal Albert Hall, Victoria and Albert Museum. During her reign Britain became a rich industrial country with a developed trade, an empire with a lot of colonies.

     Elizabeth II is the queen nowadays. She was born in Windson on the 21st of April in 1926. When she was a little girl she was educated at home and knew foreign languaes and was good at sport. Being a young lady she made her first speech on the radio and married Prince Philip in 1948. A year later her first son was born. She came to the throne at the age of 26 and was crowned in Westminster Abbey. She travels a lot, likes reading, taking pictures and watching horse races. 

     Each monarch is important in the history of the country and played a great role. 

Project 8: England. Gepgraphical Setting

England. Geographical Setting

This project is about five regions of England. You are to speak about each of them.

p.90-92

Plan:

1. Introduction

2. The Southeast

3. The Southwest

4. East Anglia

5. The Midlands

6. The North of England

How to speak abou each region:

1. scenery

2. cities

3. famous places

4. famous people

ПРИМЕРНЫЙ ТЕКСТ:

     The United Kingdom is very small compared with many other countries in the world. However there are only nine other countries with more people, and London is the world’s seventh biggest city.
     In Great Britain one can find practically every kind of scenery: highlands and lowlands, forests and hills, meadows and plains. And this time I would like to tell you about England.
     England is traditionally divided into 5 regions: The Southeast, The Southwest, East Anglia, The Midlands, The North of England.
     The southeast is a highly populated region of England; there is a lot of industry near the Thames and there are  a lot of roads and motorways. London, the capital of the UK, Windsor, Dover and Brighton are situated here. The main passenger ports and airports are also here. The County of Kent is situated here and is known as the garden of England. The Southeast is famous for its resorts, for example, Brighton.
     The Southwest is the region where the main activity is farming. It used to be known for its pirates. The two principal cities of the region are Bristol and Bath. The famous Stonehenge and the most westerly point of Great Britain “ Land’s end” is also here. 
     East Anglia is very flat and it is another farming region. It has beautiful cities, such as Cambridge, with fine historic buildings. The part of East Anglia called the Fens consists of miles of flat lands with almost no trees or hedges. Oliver Cromwell, a famous English general and politician was born in the Fens area.
     The Midlands, known as the heart of England, is the largest industrial part in the country. The most important industrial cities are Manchester, Sheffield, Liverpool, which is one of Britain’s big ports. Stratford-upon-Avon and Oxford are connected  with English culture: Stratford is the birthplace of the great William Shakespeare and Oxford is famous for its university.
     The North of England has some of the wildest and loneliest parts of the country, but also some of the busiest industrial cities. Here you can find deep valleys, rivers and waterfalls, hills and mountains. The main attractions of the North of England are certainly the Lake District, the cities of York and Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Many tourists come over especially to look at the ruins of Hadrian’s Wall, a stone wall built across the north of England by the Roman ruler Hadrian.
     Britain is an unusually beautiful country and its each part is beautiful.

     
   
        

Project 7: Ecological Problems

1. Introduction.

I would like to tell you about ecological problems. The word environment means simply what is around us. The most serious environmental problems are
·    pollution in its many forms (water pollution, air pollution and nuclear pollution);
·         noise problems;
·         destruction of nature
·         shortage of natural resources;
·         the growth of population
I will tell you about some problems and how people can solve them.

2.     Dirty water
One of the most serious problems is water pollution.
вода грязная
почему она грязная
свой пример сложной ситуации

3.     Dirty air
The other serious problem which I want to tell you about is air pollution. (насколько слов про грязный воздух, который загрязняет здания, которым мы дышим; про фабрики и заводы)

(4. Some other difficult situations – по желанию)

5. How to solve the problems

6. Conclusion

ПРИМЕРНЫЙ ТЕКСТ:

Ecological Problems

     The world environment means what is around us. The air we breathe, the soil on which we stand and walk, the water we drink are all part of the environment. 

     Nowadays people understand how important it is to solve the environmental problems. The most serious environmental problems are:

- Pollution in its many forms;

- Noise from cars, buses, planes and other transports;

- Destruction of wildlife and countryside beauty;

- Shortage of natural resources;

- The growth of population.

     There is no ocean or sea which is not used as a dump. Many rivers and lakes are poisoned too. Fishes and reptiles can’t live in them. There is not enough oxygen in the water. In such places all the birds leave their habitats and many plants die. If people drink this water they can die too. It happens so because factories and plants produce a lot of waste and pours it into water places.

     To make air clean again we need good filters at nuclear power stations, at factories, plants and also in cars and buses. Both clean air and clean water are necessary for our health and for health of animals. If people want to survive they must solve these problems quickly. Man is beginning to understand that his environment is not just his own town or country but the whole earth. That’s why people all over the world think and speak so much about ecology.

Project 6: The Greenhouse Effect

Цель этого проекта – подробно разобраться, что такое парниковый эффект и как он работает

	План	Примеры текста
1a	What is “climate”	c.22 – первый абзац
1b	Climate changes: Introduction	Unfortunately, recently the climate in many places has changed. Some specialists say that it is because of the greenhouse effect.
2	How the greenhouse effect works. (рассказать и пояснить по картинке)	c.22 последний абзац. Со слов “It works like this”.
3	People’s activity and greenhouse effect	c23 – 1й-2й абзацы
4	Your own examples of climate changes. (один пример – «как было раньше», другой пример – «как сейчас»)	Предлагаю несколько вариантов, как готовить эту часть 1.      Спросить у бабушек и дедушек, какие были зимы на их памяти. Сравнить с погодой сейчас. 2.      Взять исторические факт, например трамвай на Неве, ледяные дворцы на Неве, катание на коньках по каналам в Голландии … 3.      Найти информацию по примера с.24 №20
5	Conclusion	Взять часть информации из с.23 – последний абзац

ПРИМЕРНЫЙ ТЕКСТ: 

The Greenhouse Effect

     Climate is the weather a certain place has over a long period of time. Climate has a very important influence on plants, animals and humans and is different in different parts of the world.

     Unfortunately, recently the climate in many places has changed. Winters have become warmer. Sometimes there is little snow in January, and there were winters when it rained on the New Year's Eve. Some specialists say that it is because of the greenhouse effect. It works like this: sunlight gives us heat. Some of the heat warms the atmosphere, and some of the heat goes back into space.

     But during the last 100 years people have produced a lot of carbon dioxide. This gas in the atmosphere works like glass in a greenhouse. It lets heat get in, but it doesn't let much heat get out. So the atmosphere becomes warmer. Where does the carbon dioxide come from? People and animals breathe in oxygen, and breathe out carbon dioxide. We produce carbon dioxide when we burn things. Trees take this gas from the air, and produce oxygen. But in the last few years, people have cut down and burn big areas of rainforest. This means there are fewer trees, and, of course, more carbon dioxide!

      СВОЙ ПРИМЕР КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ.

     

     As we see the climate in different parts of the world changes a little from year to year. These changes can be dangerous for our planet, which needs protection. Earth is millions of years old, much older than the humans. We know many of its secrets. Yet there is still much to learn.

Project 4: Shops and Shopping

Part 1: Shopping for food

1.     What shopping used to be (What goods and where people used to buy):

·        Markets, stalls, different small shops, food

2.     Shopping nowadays (What goods and where people buy nowadays):

·        Supermarkets, different departments, food.

Words:

p.102-105 (SB),

self-service - самообслуживание,

counter (to take off the counter) – прилавок (брать с прилавка),

a basket (a grocery trolley) - корзинка (тележка),

all kinds of household goods – все виды товаров для дома,

save a lot of time – экономить время,

a cash-desk - касса,

your turn came – ваша очередь подошла,

pay - платить,

change - сдача,

wrap - заворачивать,

parcel - покупка. 

Part 2: Shopping for clothes

1. Introduction (several words about shopping for clothes)

2. How I bought a shirt/skirt.

Words:
a department store
cost
price
shoes
a pair
size
in (out of) fashion
to try it on
a size larger/smaller
it suits (doesn't suit) me
a shop asisstant 
a wide choice of
ready-made clothes (clothing store)

ПРИМЕРНЫЙ ТЕКСТ 

(для тех, кто не смог составить сам):

Shopping

            It is well known that many people do like shopping, especially women. In any case we often go shopping, when we need some goods to buy.

            There are a lot of goods and shops in the world. We buy white and brown bread at the baker’s; sugar, rice and flour at the grocer’s; beef and pork at the butcher’s; fish at the fishmonger’s; milk, cream and butter at the dairy; biscuits and cakes at the confectionary; sweets and chocolates at the sweet shop; medicine and pills at the chemist’s…           

            Different people do shopping in different ways. Some prefer shopping in small corner shops which are usually located in the neighbourhood, some people prefer big supermarkets.

            Our choice usually depends on what we need to buy. If we need something like bread or milk, we go to the nearest corner shop. But if your fridge and breadbasket are empty, you will go to a supermarket.

            Big department stores are widespread in Great Britain. The most famous ones are Harrods, House of Fraser, Marks and Spence…

            Once a week we visit Lenta (OKEY, Ashan) supermarket with lots of departments and buy all the goods we need. Last time we bought two pounds of fresh beef; a kilo of green apples; three bottles of milk; two cartoons of cream; two bars of black chocolate and a jar of strawberry jam for my Granny.

At the baker’s department my Mom had a small talk with the shop assistant:

-          Shop assistant: “Hello, Madam! What can I do for you? ”

-          Mother: “Two loaves of bread, please?”

-          Shop assistant: “Brown bread or white bread, Madam?”

-          Mother: “Brown and white, please!”

-          Shop assistant: “Shall I wrap them up or put them in a plastic bag?”

-          Mother: “Plastic bag, please!”

-          Shop assistant: “Here you are, Madam!”

-          Mother: “Thank you!”

Sometimes we buy clothes and shoes. This kind of shopping is the best for me! Last Friday I tried a pretty-nice skirt (shirt) of my size at the ready-made clothes department. It suited me much and I asked my Mom if I could have it for school. “How much does it cost?” asked mother. It cost 8 pounds, which was not very expensive and we bought it.

            For our family shopping is not only a necessity, but also a pleasure!

Project 3: Popular British Sports

In this project you are to speak about sports popular in Britain and to give the details of one of them.

Talking about a sport:

The name of the sport.

Is it an individual or a team sport? How many members are there in a team?

What do the sportsmen do? What is the aim of the game? Who is the winner?

Where do they do this sport?

What equipment is needed? 

How long have you been going in for this sport?

Have you taken part in competitions?

What are your results?

ПРИМЕРНЫЙ ТЕКСТ:

Popular British Sports and Games

British people like sports and games. Their favourite sports are probably football, cricket and tennis, though many of them like such sports as golf and hockey, athletics and climbing, horse riding and boating, rugby and rowing. 

The British invented and developed many of the sports and games which are now played all over the world. Football is one of them. It was first developed in England. Now it is spread all over the country – in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Their national teams compete with each other every year. They take part in different competitions. The two best teams play in the Cup Final at Wembley Stadium in London. National teams of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland take part in European competitions and other international matches. 

Cricket is another popular summer sport. It is sometimes called the English national game. People play it everywhere: in schools, universities and in most cities and towns of Britain. Cricket is a very long game. International cricket matches can last for 5 days. 

Boxing is one of the oldest British sports. Golf was developed in Scotland and now is widely spread all over Britain.

Tennis, or lawn tennis, is also popular. The British hold their famous International Tennis Championship at Wimbledon in west London every June. People in Britain are also fond of swimming, boating and sailing. They are less interested in skiing and skating which are typically Russian sports.

I am fond of sport and this topic was really interesting for me.

Project 1: The Queen and the Parliament

The Queen and Parliament

Plan

Продолжительность высказывания - 2,5 мин.

1. Introduction
My name is … . I would like to tell you about the way of ruling in Great Britain, about its Queen and Parliament.

2.      The Queen and the royal family. (показать на картинке. + Информация про наследников престола: принц Чарльз, его дети и внуки)

3.      The British Empire and the Commonwealth. (показать на карте мира)

4.      The British parliament:
The House of Lords and the House of Commons
What they do.
Are the members of Parliament elected or selected? Which way?

5. Conclusion
Do we have a queen in our country?
Do we have Parliament?

      ПРИМЕРНЫЙ ТЕКСТ:

 The Queen and Parliament

           In Britain the Queen is the Head of State, but in fact she doesn`t rule the country. The Queen is the symbol of the country, its history and its traditions. She travels about the UK, meets different people and visits schools, hospitals and other special places. So does all the royal family: the queen’s husband, their children: a son and a daughter, and their grandchildren.
           At the beginning of the 20th century many countries all over the world were ruled by Britain. But in 1949 Britain and the former colonies founded the Commonwealth. The Commonwealth includes many countries such as Canada, Australia, New Zealand and others. The Queen of Great Britain is also the Head of the Commonwealth and the Queen of Canada, Australia and New Zealand.
           The real power in the country belongs to the British Parliament and to the British Government. The British Parliament has two Houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The House of Commons makes law about the policy of the country, taxes and many other things. The House of Lords can discuss and change laws, it can delay laws too.

Russia doesn’t have a king or a queen, it has the president. Our parliament is called the State Duma.